:root {
  color-scheme: light;
  --ink: #171717;
  --muted: #686868;
  --soft: #f7f7f5;
  --line: #e8e7e3;
  --accent: #a88b62;
  --white: #fff;
  --max: 1160px;
  --serif: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --sans: Inter, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
}
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body {
  margin: 0; background: var(--white); color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.7;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 4px; }
a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 3px; }
.container { width: min(calc(100% - 44px), var(--max)); margin-inline: auto; }
.skip-link { position: absolute; left: -9999px; top: 10px; background: #fff; padding: 12px; z-index: 1000; }
.skip-link:focus { left: 10px; }
.site-header { background: rgba(255,255,255,.96); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.header-inner { min-height: 88px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 28px; }
.brand { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; flex: 0 0 auto; text-decoration: none; }
.brand img { display: block; width: 225px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; object-fit: contain; }
.site-footer .brand img { width: 205px; }
.nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 30px; }
.nav a { color: #4f4f4f; font-size: .88rem; text-decoration: none; }
.nav a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 700; }
.menu-toggle { display: none; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: white; padding: 9px 12px; border-radius: 3px; font: inherit; }
.hero { padding: 74px 0 88px; }
.hero-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.05fr .95fr; gap: 64px; align-items: center; }
.eyebrow { color: var(--accent); font-size: .75rem; letter-spacing: .17em; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: 700; }
h1,h2,h3 { line-height: 1.16; letter-spacing: -.035em; }
h1 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(3rem, 7vw, 5.7rem); font-weight: 400; margin: 16px 0 18px; }
h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.25rem); font-weight: 400; margin: 0 0 18px; }
h3 { font-size: 1.18rem; margin: 0 0 10px; letter-spacing: -.02em; }
p { margin: 0 0 18px; }
.lead { color: #4d4d4d; font-size: clamp(1.08rem, 2vw, 1.3rem); line-height: 1.65; max-width: 650px; }
.muted { color: var(--muted); }
.hero-photo, .portrait-placeholder { aspect-ratio: 4 / 5; width: 100%; object-fit: cover; background: var(--soft); border-radius: 2px; }
.portrait-placeholder { display: grid; place-items: center; color: #888; border: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 24px; text-align: center; }
.actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin-top: 30px; }
.button { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; min-height: 48px; padding: 11px 19px; background: var(--ink); color: white; border: 1px solid var(--ink); text-decoration: none; font-size: .83rem; font-weight: 650; letter-spacing: .02em; }
.button:hover { background: #383838; color: white; }
.button.secondary { background: white; color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--line); }
.button.secondary:hover { border-color: var(--ink); color: var(--ink); }
.section { padding: 82px 0; }
.section.soft { background: var(--soft); }
.section-head { max-width: 720px; margin-bottom: 38px; }
.section-head p { color: var(--muted); }
.two-col { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 56px; align-items: start; }
.cards { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 18px; }
.card { padding: 30px; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: white; min-height: 250px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
.card p { color: var(--muted); }
.text-link { margin-top: auto; font-size: .82rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .04em; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; }
.page-hero { padding: 76px 0 54px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.page-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 6vw, 4.8rem); max-width: 900px; }
.prose { max-width: 760px; }
.prose h2 { font-size: 2rem; margin: 48px 0 16px; }
.prose h3 { margin-top: 28px; }
.prose p, .prose li { color: #4d4d4d; }
.prose ul { padding-left: 22px; }
.business-meta { font-size: .78rem; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--accent); font-weight: 700; }
.social-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 16px 22px; }
.social-links a { color: #555; font-size: .88rem; }
.article-list { display: grid; gap: 0; }
.article-item { padding: 26px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.article-item time { color: var(--muted); font-size: .82rem; }
.article-item h3 { margin-top: 8px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.65rem; font-weight: 400; }
.site-footer { padding: 48px 0 28px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.footer-top { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 32px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer-bottom { margin-top: 38px; padding-top: 20px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--muted); font-size: .78rem; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 20px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.contact-email { font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 3vw, 2rem); font-family: var(--serif); }
.notice { padding: 16px 18px; border-left: 3px solid var(--accent); background: var(--soft); color: #555; font-size: .9rem; }
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .container { width: min(calc(100% - 36px), var(--max)); }
  .header-inner { min-height: 76px; }
  .brand img { width: 190px; }
  .site-footer .brand img { width: 185px; }
  .menu-toggle { display: inline-flex; }
  .nav { display: none; position: absolute; z-index: 20; left: 0; right: 0; top: 72px; padding: 20px 22px 24px; background: white; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 16px; }
  .nav.is-open { display: flex; }
  .hero { padding: 48px 0 62px; }
  .hero-grid, .two-col { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 34px; }
  .hero-grid > :first-child { order: 2; }
  .hero-grid > :last-child { order: 1; }
  .hero-photo, .portrait-placeholder { aspect-ratio: 5 / 4; }
  .section { padding: 60px 0; }
  .cards { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .page-hero { padding: 55px 0 38px; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { animation-duration: .01ms !important; transition-duration: .01ms !important; }
}


/* V4 portrait presentation */
.hero-portrait { margin: 0; }
.hero-photo { aspect-ratio: 4 / 5; width: 100%; height: auto; object-fit: cover; object-position: center 36%; border-radius: 2px; }
.hero-portrait figcaption { margin-top: 11px; color: var(--muted); font-size: .75rem; letter-spacing: .04em; }
.about-intro, .author-strip { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(180px, .72fr) 1.28fr; gap: 42px; align-items: center; }
.about-intro img { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 1 / 1; object-fit: cover; object-position: center 34%; }
.author-strip { grid-template-columns: 112px 1fr; gap: 24px; max-width: 850px; }
.author-strip img { width: 112px; height: 112px; object-fit: cover; object-position: center 32%; border-radius: 50%; }
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .about-intro { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 24px; }
  .about-intro img { max-width: 420px; }
  .author-strip { grid-template-columns: 76px 1fr; gap: 18px; }
  .author-strip img { width: 76px; height: 76px; }
}


/* V5: persistent sticky navigation */
.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .96);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
  backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
}

/* V5: accessible back-to-top control */
.back-to-top {
  position: fixed;
  right: max(22px, env(safe-area-inset-right));
  bottom: max(22px, env(safe-area-inset-bottom));
  z-index: 120;
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(23, 23, 23, .14);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #171717;
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 5px 22px rgba(0, 0, 0, .16);
  font: inherit;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  line-height: 1;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(10px);
  transition: opacity .2s ease, transform .2s ease, background-color .2s ease;
}
.back-to-top:hover { background: #383838; color: #fff; }
.back-to-top.is-visible { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
.back-to-top[hidden] { display: none; }

/* Keep long-form copy left-aligned for comfortable reading.
   Full justification is intentionally avoided because it can create uneven word spacing,
   particularly on narrow screens. */
.prose p { text-align: left; }

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .back-to-top { width: 44px; height: 44px; right: 16px; bottom: 16px; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .back-to-top { transition: none; }
}